Does Honey Go Bad? How Long Does It Last?

logo by Editorial Staff | Updated on September 16th, 2023

Honey, the golden elixir that has been a staple in our diets for thousands of years, is fascinating for more than just its sweetness. Knowing how to properly store this incredible substance can extend its shelf life and preserve its numerous health benefits. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the reasons behind honey’s extraordinary longevity, and why it’s more than just a sweet treat.


The Fundamentals of Honey’s Shelf Life

If you’ve ever wondered why honey, when properly stored, never seems to expire, you’re not alone. The science behind honey’s resilience is both fascinating and complex. Honey will darken and crystallize over time, but these changes do not indicate spoilage. Instead, it’s crucial to store honey away from heat-generating appliances in your kitchen to maintain its original flavor. Storing honey in a glass jar that’s airtight is the best method to prevent unwanted fermentation. Another tip: Always use clean, dry utensils when scooping honey from the jar to keep it uncontaminated.

honey jar with honey comb

The Science Behind Honey’s Longevity

Honey is naturally antimicrobial, which is a significant factor in its long shelf life. It has a low moisture content, making it inhospitable to bacteria. The acidic nature of honey also plays a role; it’s sufficient to neutralize most germs and organisms that spoil other foods. To top it off, bees add unique enzymes to honey, creating hydrogen peroxide, a powerful antiseptic. All these factors combine to create a product that not only lasts but also has medicinal qualities.

What Is Honey, Really?

Honey goes beyond being a simple sugar substitute; it’s an intricate substance manufactured by bees from flower nectar. Unlike mere sugar turned into syrup, honey is a complex biological tool designed for bees’ survival. It is a storehouse of antimicrobial and health-promoting properties, which make it both delicious and beneficial. Its distinct flavor stems from specific ratios of fructose and glucose found in each flower bees visit, making each batch of honey unique.

A Quick Overview of Honey’s Shelf Life

Storing honey appropriately can dramatically extend its life. For example, raw honey, which contains natural impurities, remains good for about a year before starting to spoil gradually. On the other hand, store-bought, filtered honey can last indefinitely when stored correctly. Refrigerating honey may make it harden faster but won’t significantly alter its lifespan.

Raw Honey vs. Processed Honey: What’s the Difference?

Raw honey contains natural contaminants, which makes it more prone to spoilage. Typically, raw honey begins to degrade about a year after it’s collected. Processed or filtered honey, however, has a much longer shelf life because these natural impurities are removed, making it virtually non-perishable when stored correctly.

Does Honey Ever Expire?

In the traditional sense, honey doesn’t expire if we’re talking about filtered variants. Due to its unique properties, such as low moisture content and high sugar concentration, honey naturally inhibits the growth and development of bacteria. Thus, it’s an effective antibacterial agent.

The Mechanism of Honey’s Longevity Explained

The reason honey doesn’t spoil can be attributed to three factors:

  • High Sugar Content: Comprising about 80% sugar and only 18% moisture, honey naturally inhibits the growth of microbes.
  • Antimicrobial Enzymes: Bees add glucose oxidase enzymes to the nectar, transforming sugars into hydrogen peroxide and gluconic acid, both of which kill bacteria.
  • Natural Acidity: With a pH ranging from 3.2–4.5, honey’s acidic nature is detrimental to bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella.

Is Your Honey Still Good?

Changes in honey, such as darkening or crystallization, are often misinterpreted as signs of spoilage. However, these are natural processes that indicate your honey is of high quality and has not been pasteurized. If you notice such changes, don’t be alarmed; these are positive indicators that attest to the quality of your honey.

How To Revive Crystallized Honey

Crystallization in honey is a natural process and doesn’t imply that the honey has spoiled. If your honey has crystallized, you can place the jar in a hot water bath or microwave it briefly on the lowest setting to return it to a liquid state. However, it’s vital not to overheat the honey, as this can alter its beneficial properties.

Is Eating Old Honey Safe?

Consuming old honey is generally not a health risk. The natural fermentation of sugars by yeast and water can spoil honey, but this is rare. Even if honey does spoil, it’s unlikely to cause significant health issues, although it might taste unpleasant.

Botulism and Honey: Should You Be Concerned?

While honey is safe for most people, it can contain spores that cause infant botulism in babies under one year. Hence, it’s recommended not to give honey to infants.

In Conclusion

Understanding the longevity of honey is not just a matter of culinary curiosity but a testament to nature’s ingenuity. The combination of natural sugars, low moisture content, and antibacterial properties makes honey a long-lasting and versatile food item. By storing it correctly, you’ll be able to enjoy this golden delicacy for years to come.

logo

Editorial Staff

Our writers, editors, content managers, and SEO specialist. We all take part in crafting amazing articles. We spend hours ensuring that each article is based on facts, researched, and thorough. You'll never want to click the back button to look for more answers other than here!